Cov tshuaj surfactants yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg siv dav hauv lub neej txhua hnub thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam.

Lawv muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txo cov kua dej ntawm qhov chaw thiab txhim kho kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov kua thiab cov khoom khov lossis roj.

TMAO, Trimethylamine oxide, dihydrate, CAS TSIS MUAJ.: 62637-93-8, yog ib qho surfactant thiab surfactants, siv tau rau cov tshuaj ntxuav.

Cov tshuaj oxidant tsis muaj zog ntawm TMAO

Trimethylamine oxide, ua ib qho oxidant tsis muaj zog, yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau kev tsim cov aldehydes, oxidation ntawm cov organic boranes, thiab tso tawm cov organic ligands los ntawm cov hlau carbonyl compounds.

•  Cov qauv ntawm surfactants

Cov tshuaj surfactants muab faib ua ob ntu: cov pab pawg hydrophilic thiab cov pab pawg hydrophobic. Ib pab pawg hydrophilic yog ib pab pawg polar uas muaj cov atoms xws li oxygen, nitrogen, lossis sulfur uas yog hydrophilic. Cov pab pawg hydrophobic yog cov khoom hydrophobic, feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov pab pawg tsis-polar xws li cov saw ntev alkyl lossis cov pab pawg aromatic. Cov qauv no tso cai rau surfactants cuam tshuam nrog dej thiab cov tshuaj hydrophobic xws li roj.

•  Lub mechanism ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm surfactants

Cov tshuaj surfactants tsim ib txheej molecular rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov kua, hu ua txheej adsorption. Kev tsim ntawm txheej adsorption yog vim muaj kev tsim cov hydrogen bonds ntawm cov pab pawg hydrophilic ntawm cov tshuaj surfactant thiab cov dej molecules, thaum cov pab pawg hydrophobic cuam tshuam nrog cov pa lossis roj molecules. Cov txheej adsorption no tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm cov kua, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov kua kom ntub cov khoom khov.

Cov tshuaj surfactants kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv micelle. Thaum qhov concentration ntawm surfactant tshaj qhov concentration micelle tseem ceeb, cov tshuaj surfactant molecules yuav sib sau ua ke los tsim cov micelles. Micelles yog cov qauv me me uas tsim los ntawm cov pab pawg hydrophilic uas tig mus rau theem aqueous thiab cov pab pawg hydrophobic uas tig mus rau sab hauv. Micelles tuaj yeem encapsulate cov tshuaj hydrophobic xws li roj thiab disperse lawv hauv theem aqueous, yog li ua tiav emulsifying, dispersing, thiab dissolving effects.

• Cov teb ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm surfactants

1. Cov tshuaj ntxuav: Cov tshuaj surfactants yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj ntxuav, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm cov dej, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau dej ntub thiab nkag mus, yog li txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig ntxuav. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj ntxuav xws li tshuaj ntxhua khaub ncaws thiab tshuaj ntxuav tais diav txhua tus muaj cov surfactants.

2. Cov khoom siv tu tus kheej: Cov tshuaj surfactants tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv tu tus kheej xws li tshuaj zawv plaub hau thiab tshuaj da dej ua npuas dej nplua nuj, muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev ntxuav thiab ntxuav.

3. Cov Tshuaj Pleev Xim: Cov tshuaj surfactants ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev emulsifying, dispersing, thiab stabilizing cov tshuaj pleev xim. Piv txwv li, emulsifiers thiab dispersants hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj pleev ntsej muag thiab tshuaj pleev xim yog surfactants.

4. Cov tshuaj tua kab thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv rau kev ua liaj ua teb: Cov tshuaj surfactants tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ntub thiab permeability ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab, txhim kho lawv cov adsorption thiab permeation teebmeem, thiab txhim kho cov tshuaj tua kab ua haujlwm zoo.

5. Kev lag luam roj av thiab tshuaj lom neeg: Cov tshuaj surfactants ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem xws li kev rho tawm roj, kev txhaj dej hauv thaj chaw roj, thiab kev sib cais roj-dej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj surfactants siv dav hauv cov roj nplua nyeem, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xeb, cov tshuaj emulsifiers, thiab lwm yam teb.

Kev Txheeb Xyuas:

Cov tshuaj surfactants yog ib hom tshuaj lom neeg uas muaj peev xwm txo qhov nro ntawm cov kua thiab txhim kho kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov kua thiab cov khoom khov lossis roj. Nws cov qauv yog tsim los ntawm cov pab pawg hydrophilic thiab hydrophobic, uas tuaj yeem tsim cov txheej adsorption thiab cov qauv micelle. Surfactants siv dav hauv cov neeg ua haujlwm ntxuav, cov khoom siv tu tus kheej, cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, cov tshuaj tua kab thiab cov khoom siv ua liaj ua teb, roj av thiab kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, thiab lwm yam. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov ntsiab cai tshuaj lom neeg ntawm surfactants, peb tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo dua lawv cov ntawv thov thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv ntau qhov chaw.