Quaternary ammonium ntsevtuaj yeem siv nyab xeeb rau kev tua kab mob hauvAquaculture, tab sis kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau txoj kev siv kom raug thiab kev xav kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem rau cov kab mob hauv dej.

1,Dab tsi yog quaternary ammonium ntsev
Quaternary ammonium ntsevyog ib qho kev lag luam, siv tau, thiab dav siv tshuaj tua kab mob nrog cov tshuaj formula (CnH2n + 1) (CH3) 3N + X -, qhov twg X - tuaj yeem yog Cl -, Br -, I -, SO42-, thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov tshuaj aqueous, nws zoo li gel lossis kua thiab tuaj yeem tua cov kab mob sai sai xws li kab mob, kab mob, thiab lwm yam.
2,Txoj cai disinfection ntawmquaternary ammonium ntsev
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tua kab mob ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev yog txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov cell membrane thiab cov proteins ntawm cov kab mob, ua rau lawv tsis muaj peev xwm loj hlob thiab yug me nyuam. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev yog cuam tshuam nrog rau cov ntsiab lus xws li concentration, pH tus nqi, lub sijhawm sib cuag, thiab kub.
3,Yuav ua li cas siv quaternary ammonium ntsev kom raug
1. Kev tswj kom muaj zog
Thaum quaternary ammonium ntsev yog siv los tua kab mob hauv aquaculture, cov concentration yuav tsum tau tswj raws li qhov loj thiab hardness ntawm lub cev dej. Feem ntau, siv cov concentration ntawm 0.1% -0.2% quaternary ammonium ntsev tuaj yeem tua kab mob zoo, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem tshaj 0.5%.
2. Lub sijhawm tiv tauj
Thaum siv quaternary ammonium ntsev rau tshuaj tua kab mob, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum xyuas kom meej kev sib cuag nrog dej thiab dej. Nws yog feem ntau pom zoo kom tua kab mob rau 30 feeb mus rau 2 teev.
3. Kev tswj hwm zaus
Thaum siv quaternary ammonium ntsev rau tshuaj tua kab mob, qhov zaus ntawm kev tua kab mob kuj yuav tsum tau tswj. Kev siv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov dej hauv ecological ib puag ncig, thiab feem ntau yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj ib zaug ib lub lim tiam.
4. Ceev faj
1. Tiv thaiv kev siv ntau dhau
Kev siv ntau dhau ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm ammonia nitrogen thiab nitrogen hauv cov dej hauv lub cev, cuam tshuam rau thaj tsam ntawm cov dej hauv lub cev thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li kev tuag ntawm cov kab mob hauv dej.
2. Tsis txhob sib xyaw nrog lwm cov tshuaj
Quaternary ammonium ntsev yuav tsum tsis txhob tov nrog lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, txwv tsis pub muaj tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tshwm sim, txo cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
3. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus kheej
Quaternary ammonium ntsevyog cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsawg dua, thiab cov hnab looj tes yuav tsum hnav thaum siv, tsis txhob sib cuag nrog lub qhov muag thiab qhov ncauj. Yog tias noj los yog poob rau hauv qhov muag, ntxuav tam sim ntawd thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob.
5 、 Kev txheeb xyuas kev ruaj ntseg
Txawm tiasquaternary ammonium ntsevCov tshuaj tua kab mob tau siv dav heev, nws tseem yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov txheej txheem kev siv kom raug thaum siv kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij rau cov dej hauv ecological ib puag ncig thiab cov kab mob hauv dej.

Cov kev tshawb fawb ntsig txog tau pom tias nyob rau hauv kev siv cov concentration thiab tshuaj tua kab mob kom raug, quaternary ammonium ntsev muaj tsawg toxicity raucov kab mob hauv dejthiab yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau lawv.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev ntawmTrimethylamine Oxide (TMAO)Feem ntau yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws cov khoom surfactant thiab tshuaj stability:
Surface Activity: Covquaternary ammonium ntsevqauv muab nws ob lub cuab yeej ntawm hydrophilicity thiab hydrophobicity, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov nro ntawm cov kua. Hauv cov tshuaj detergents, tus yam ntxwv no yuav pab tshem tawm cov roj stains: qhov kawg hydrophilic sib xyaw nrog dej, thiab qhov kawg hydrophobic ua ke nrog cov roj, tsim micelles los npog cov av.
Cov qauv kev ruaj ntseg: Cov nitrogen oxygen daim ntawv cog lus (N → O) polarity ntawm quaternary ammonium ntsev yog muaj zog, uas tuaj yeem ruaj khov rau peb-seem qauv ntawm cov proteins. Hauv kev tswj hwm osmotic siab, cov proteins raug tiv thaiv los ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo xws li urea thiab ammonia nitrogen los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam.
Tsis muaj zog oxidizing khoom: Raws li ib tug me me oxidant, cov pa atoms nyob rau hauv lubquaternary ammonium ntsevCov qauv tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lwm yam tshuaj (xws li aldehyde synthesis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv) thiab nws tus kheej txo rau trimethylamine

Hauv cov ntsiab lus,quaternary ammonium ntsevtuaj yeem siv nyab xeeb rau kev tua kab mob hauv aquaculture, tab sis kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them rau kev siv cov kev siv thiab cov concentrations kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem rau cov kab mob hauv dej.