Potassium diformate, nrog nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab kev tswj hwm lub cev, tab tom tshwm sim ua lwm txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv kev ua liaj ua teb cw. Los ntawminhibiting pathogens, txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm txoj hnyuv, tswj cov dej zoo, thiabtxhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob, nws txhawb nqa kev txhim kho ntawm cov aquaculture ntsuab thiab noj qab haus huv.

Potassium diformate, ua ib qho tshuaj ntxiv ntsev organic acid tshiab, tau ua pov thawj tias muaj kev siv dav hauv kev lag luam aquaculture hauv xyoo tas los no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev ua liaj ua teb cw uas nws muaj ntau yam teebmeem. Cov tshuaj no, muaj cov formic acid thiab potassium ions, tab tom tshwm sim ua lwm txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob vim nws cov tshuaj tua kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab kev tswj hwm lub cev. Nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua liaj ua teb cw feem ntau pom tseeb hauv plaub qhov ntev: kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv ntawm txoj hnyuv, kev tswj hwm dej zoo, thiab kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov haujlwm no sib koom ua ke los tsim lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev ua liaj ua teb aquaculture noj qab haus huv.

Hais txog kev hloov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm potassium diformate muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Thaum potassium diformate nkag mus rau hauv txoj hnyuv ntawm cov cw, nws dissociates thiab tso tawm cov tshuaj formic acid hauv ib puag ncig acidic. Cov tshuaj formic acid no tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb ntawm cov kab mob thiab dissociate rau hauv hydrogen ions thiab tsim cov ions hauv ib puag ncig alkaline cytoplasmic, ua rau tus nqi pH hauv cov kab mob thiab cuam tshuam rau lawv cov haujlwm metabolic ib txwm muaj.

Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias potassium diformate muaj cov nyhuv inhibitory tseem ceeb rau cov kab mob pathogenic cw xws li Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, thiab Escherichia coli, nrog rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus inhibitory concentration (MIC) ntawm 0.5% -1.5%. Piv nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob, txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob no tsis ua rau cov kab mob tsis kam thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov tshuaj seem.

Kev tswj hwm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm txoj hnyuv yog lwm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm potassium diformate. Kev tso tawm ntawm formic acid tsis yog tsuas yog tiv thaiv cov kab mob tsis zoo xwb, tab sis kuj tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm probiotics xws li cov kab mob lactic acid thiab bifidobacteria. Kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov qauv zej zog microbial no ua rau kev zom zaub mov thiab kev nqus tau zoo ntawm txoj hnyuv.

Potassium diformateqhia txog cov teebmeem tsis ncaj qha tshwj xeeb hauv kev tswj cov dej kom zoo. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb aquaculture ib txwm muaj, kwv yees li 20% -30% ntawm cov nitrogen pub tsis tau nqus tag nrho thiab tso tawm rau hauv cov dej, ua qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm ammonia nitrogen thiab nitrite. Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev siv cov khoom noj kom zoo, potassium diformate txo cov nitrogen tawm.

Cov ntaub ntawv sim qhia tau tias ntxiv 0.5%potassium diformatetuaj yeem txo cov nitrogen hauv cov quav cw los ntawm 18% -22% thiab cov phosphorus los ntawm 15% -20%. Qhov kev txo qis no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv cov dej voj voog aquaculture systems (RAS), uas tuaj yeem tswj qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm nitrite hauv dej hauv qab 0.1mg / L, qis dua qhov kev nyab xeeb rau cw (0.5mg / L). Tsis tas li ntawd, potassium diformate nws tus kheej maj mam degrades mus rau hauv carbon dioxide thiab dej hauv cov dej, yam tsis ua rau muaj kev ua qias tuaj thib ob, ua rau nws yog ib qho khoom siv zoo rau ib puag ncig.

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog lwm qhov kev qhia txog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv potassium diformate. Lub plab noj qab haus huv tsis yog tsuas yog lub cev rau kev nqus cov as-ham xwb, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Potassium diformate txo cov kev mob ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab thiab txo qhov kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic ntawm cov hnyuv epithelium. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias kev ntxiv potassium diformate rau cov pej xeem cw ua rau cov ntshav lymphocytes ntau ntxiv 30% -40%, thiab ua rau cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes cuam tshuam nrog kev tiv thaiv kab mob xws li phenoloxidase (PO) thiab superoxide dismutase (SOD) ua haujlwm zoo.

Hauv kev siv ua haujlwm, kev siv cov potassium diformate yuav tsum muaj qhov sib piv ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Qhov ntau ntxiv uas pom zoo yog 0.4% -1.2% ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom noj, nyob ntawm theem kev yug me nyuam thiab cov dej zoo.
Nws raug pom zoo kom siv cov tshuaj ntawm 0.6% -0.8% thaum lub sijhawm yub (PL10-PL30) los txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm txoj hnyuv;

Lub sijhawm cog qoob loo tuaj yeem txo qis mus rau 0.4% -0.6%, feem ntau yog kom tswj tau qhov sib npaug ntawm cov kab mob hauv zej zog.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau tseg tias cov potassium formate yuav tsum tau sib xyaw kom huv si nrog cov khoom noj (siv cov txheej txheem sib tov peb theem yog qhov pom zoo), thiab yuav tsum zam kev raug rau qhov kub thiab txias ntev ntev ua ntej pub mis kom tiv thaiv kev sib sau ua ke thiab cuam tshuam rau qhov saj.

Kev siv ua ke nrog cov organic acids (xws li citric acid) thiab probiotics (xws li Bacillus subtilis) tuaj yeem tsim cov teebmeem synergistic, tab sis yuav tsum ceev faj kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tshuaj alkaline (xws li baking soda).

Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam, daim ntawv thov ntawmpotassium diformateyog nyob rau hauv kab nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hloov pauv ntsuab hauv aquaculture.