Potassium diformate, nrog nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab kev tswj hwm lub cev, tau tawm los ua qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv kev ua liaj ua teb cw. Los ntawminhibiting cov kab mob, txhim kho plab noj qab haus huv, tswj dej zoo, thiabtxhawb kev tiv thaiv kab mob, nws txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ntsuab thiab noj qab nyob zoo aquaculture.

Potassium diformate, raws li ib qho tshiab organic acid ntsev additive, tau pom dav daim ntawv thov kev cia siab nyob rau hauv kev lag luam aquaculture nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cws ua liaj ua teb qhov twg nws muaj ntau yam teebmeem. Cov tshuaj no, tsim los ntawm formic acid thiab poov tshuaj ions, tau tshwm sim los ua ib qho kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob vim nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tshwj xeeb thiab kev tswj hwm lub cev. Nws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb hauv kev ua liaj ua teb cw yog feem ntau cuam tshuam rau plaub qhov loj: kev tiv thaiv kab mob, kev txhim kho plab hnyuv, kev tswj dej zoo, thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov haujlwm no sib koom ua ke los tsim lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv aquaculture.

Hais txog kev hloov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov tshuaj tua kab mob ntawm cov poov tshuaj diformate muaj qhov zoo. Thaum poov tshuaj diformate nkag mus rau hauv lub plab zom mov ntawm cw, nws dissociates thiab tso tawm formic acid molecules nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic. Cov formic acid molecules tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov kab mob hauv cov cell membranes thiab sib cais rau hauv hydrogen ions thiab tsim ions nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw alkaline cytoplasmic, ua rau txo qis pH tus nqi hauv cov kab mob hlwb thiab cuam tshuam nrog lawv cov haujlwm metabolic.

Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias poov tshuaj diformate muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov kab mob cw kab mob xws li Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, thiab Escherichia coli, nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus inhibitory concentration (MIC) ntawm 0.5% -1.5%. Piv nrog rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob, txoj kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob hauv lub cev no tsis ua rau cov kab mob tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov tshuaj seem.

Txoj cai tswj kev noj qab haus huv hauv plab yog lwm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm potassium diformate. Kev tso tawm ntawm formic acid tsis tsuas yog inhibits cov kab mob phem, tab sis kuj tsim ib qho chaw zoo rau microenvironment rau kev loj hlob ntawm probiotics xws li kab mob lactic acid thiab bifidobacteria. Kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov kab mob microbial hauv zej zog no ua rau txhim kho kev zom zaub mov thiab kev nqus ntawm cov hnyuv.

Potassium diformatenthuav qhia qhov tsis ncaj qha cuam tshuam hauv kev tswj xyuas dej zoo. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm aquaculture, kwv yees li 20% -30% ntawm pub nitrogen tsis tau tag nrho absorbed thiab tawm mus rau hauv dej lub cev, ua lub ntsiab qhov chaw ntawm ammonia nitrogen thiab nitrite. Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev noj zaub mov zoo, poov tshuaj diformate txo qis nitrogen excretion.

Kev sim cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias ntxiv 0.5%poov tshuaj diformatetuaj yeem txo cov ntsiab lus nitrogen hauv cov quav cw los ntawm 18% -22% thiab cov ntsiab lus phosphorus los ntawm 15% -20%. Qhov no emission txo cov nyhuv yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv dej voj voog aquaculture systems (RAS), uas muaj peev xwm tswj lub ncov concentration ntawm nitrite nyob rau hauv cov dej hauv qab no 0.1mg / L, deb tshaj qhov chaw nyab xeeb rau cw (0.5mg / L). Tsis tas li ntawd, potassium diformate nws tus kheej maj mam degrades rau hauv carbon dioxide thiab dej hauv dej lub cev, tsis ua rau muaj kuab paug thib ob, ua rau nws ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg additive.

Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog lwm qhov tshwm sim ntawm daim ntawv thov tus nqi ntawm potassium diformate. Lub plab noj qab nyob zoo tsis yog tsuas yog lub cev rau kev nqus cov as-ham, tab sis kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb tiv thaiv kab mob. Potassium diformate txo cov kab mob hauv lub cev los ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm plab microbiota thiab txo qis qhov stimulation ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic ntawm txoj hnyuv epithelium. Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias ntxiv cov poov tshuaj diformate rau cov neeg cw ua rau cov ntshav lymphocytes nce 30% -40%, thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob xws li phenoloxidase (PO) thiab superoxide dismutase (SOD).

Hauv kev siv tswv yim, kev siv cov poov tshuaj diformate yuav tsum muaj qhov sib piv ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Qhov pom zoo ntxiv tus nqi yog 0.4% -1.2% ntawm cov khoom noj hnyav, nyob ntawm qhov kev yug me nyuam thiab cov dej zoo.
Nws raug nquahu kom siv ntau npaum li cas ntawm 0.6% -0.8% thaum lub sij hawm yub theem (PL10-PL30) los txhawb txoj hnyuv;

Lub sijhawm cog qoob loo tuaj yeem txo qis rau 0.4% -0.6%, feem ntau yog tswj hwm qhov sib npaug ntawm cov zej zog microbial.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia tias cov poov tshuaj formate yuav tsum tau muab sib xyaw nrog cov khoom noj (siv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw peb-theem tau pom zoo), thiab lub sijhawm ntev raug rau qhov kub thiab av noo ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau zam ua ntej pub mis kom tiv thaiv clumping thiab cuam tshuam rau palatability.

Kev siv ua ke nrog cov organic acids (xws li citric acid) thiab probiotics (xws li Bacillus subtilis) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev sib koom ua ke, tab sis yuav tsum tau ceev faj kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tshuaj alkaline (xws li ci dej qab zib).

Los ntawm txoj kev xav ntawm kev tsim kho kev lag luam, kev siv ntawmpoov tshuaj diformateyog nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog cov qauv ntawm ntsuab transformation nyob rau hauv aquaculture.