Cov kev tshawb fawb hauv nas tau lees paub tias betaine feem ntau ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm methyl pub dawb hauv daim siab thiab tswj hwm los ntawmbetaine uaHomocysteine ​​methyltransferase (BHMT) thiab p-cysteine ​​sulfide β Synthetase ( β Txoj Cai ntawm cyst (mud et al., 1965). Cov txiaj ntsig no tau lees paub hauv npua thiab qaib. Thaum cov khoom siv methyl tsis txaus, tus tsiaj lub cev ua rau lub siab hemiaminic acid txais cov methyl ntawm betaine los ntawm kev txhim kho cov kev ua ntawm BHMT los ua ke methionine thiab tom qab ntawd muab methyl. Thaum ntxiv cov tshuaj betaine qis, vim muaj cov khoom siv methyl tsawg hauv lub cev, lub siab ua rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm homocysteine ​​→ methionine los ntawm kev nce BMT kev ua si thiab siv betaine ua substrate, thiaj li muab cov methyl txaus rau cov khoom siv metabolism. Nyob rau hauv high koob, vim yog exogenous ntxiv ntawm ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawmbetaine ua, ntawm ib sab, lub siab muab methyl rau methyl receptor los ntawm kev txhim kho BHMT kev ua, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, ib feem ntawm homocysteine ​​​​cov ntaub ntawv cysteine ​​sulfide los ntawm txoj kev hloov leej faj, thiaj li ua kom lub cev methyl metabolism hauv txoj hauv kev ruaj khov. Qhov kev sim qhia tau hais tias nws muaj kev nyab xeeb los hloov ib feem ntawm methionine hauv broiler duck noj nrog betaine. Betaine tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm cov nqaij qaib plab hnyuv, txo cov tshuaj puas tsuaj rau cov hnyuv, txhim kho kev nqus ntawm cov nqaij qaib plab hnyuv, txhawb kev nqus ntawm cov as-ham, thiab thaum kawg txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm qaib.

Betainetuaj yeem txhawb nqa kev tso tawm ntawm GH, uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa cov synthesis ntawm cov protein, txo qhov decomposition ntawm amino acids thiab ua rau lub cev zoo nitrogen tshuav. Betaine tuaj yeem nce cyclic adenosine monophosphate hauv daim siab thiab pituitary ( ˆ Cov ntsiab lus ntawm am, yog li txhawm rau txhim kho endocrine kev ua haujlwm ntawm pituitary thiab txhawb kev sib txuas thiab tso tawm ntawm (h, thyroid stimulating hormone) los ntawm pituitary hlwb α SH thiab lwm yam tshuaj hormones tuaj yeem nce nitrogen cia ntawm lub cev, txhawm rau txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab poul. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas qhia tau hais tias betaine tuaj yeem nce qib ntawm serum h thiab IGF hauv cov npua ntawm ntau theem, txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm npua ntawm ntau theem thiab txo qhov pub yuag piv. Weaned piglets, loj hlob npua thiab ua tiav npua tau noj nrog cov zaub mov ntxiv nrog betaine 8001000 thiab 1750ngkg raws li, thiab qhov nce txhua hnub tau nce los ntawm 8.71% N13 20% thiab 13.32%, qib GH nce ntxiv los ntawm 46.15%, 105.13% thiab qib IGF, nce qib IG. 38.74%, 4.75% thiab 47.95% raws li (Yu Dongyou et al., 2001). Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm betaine hauv kev pub noj kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov noob qoob loo, nce qhov hnyav thaum yug thiab nyob litter loj ntawm piglets, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cev xeeb tub sows.

Betainetuaj yeem txhim kho lub siab ntev ntawm cov hlwb mus rau qhov kub thiab txias, siab ntsev thiab siab osmotic ib puag ncig, ruaj khov enzyme kev ua haujlwm thiab lub zog kinetic ntawm cov roj ntsha macromolecules. Thaum lub osmotic siab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hloov pauv, betaine tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm cov hlwb, tiv thaiv kev poob dej thiab ntsev nkag ntawm cov hlwb, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm Na twj tso kua mis ntawm cov cell membrane, tswj cov osmotic siab ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg hlwb, tswj cov osmotic siab tshuav ntawm cov hlwb, txo kev ntxhov siab thiab txhim kho cov kab mob.Betainemuaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam li electrolyte. Thaum lub plab zom mov raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob, nws muaj kev tiv thaiv osmotic rau cov hlwb ntawm npua plab hnyuv. Thaum cov piglets muaj cov dej hauv plab hnyuv thiab ion tshuav nyiaj tsis txaus vim yog raws plab, betaine tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov dej tsis zoo thiab tsis txhob muaj hyperkalemia los ntawm kev mob raws plab, thiaj li tswj thiab stabilize cov ion tshuav nyiaj li cas ntawm lub plab hnyuv ib puag ncig thiab ua rau cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig hauv microbial flora ntawm piglets ' gastrointmous ntau qhov kev ntxhov siab yuav tsis ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab. Cov naj npawb loj, tiv thaiv qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov enzymes nyob rau hauv lub plab zom mov thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lawv cov dej num, txhim kho kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub plab zom mov ntawm weaned piglets, txhim kho kev zom zaub mov thiab kev siv tus nqi pub, nce kev noj zaub mov thiab qhov hnyav txhua hnub, txo qhov mob plab thiab txhawb kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov piglets.